Sivelestat (ONO-5046, 0.021-2.1 mg/kg, intratracheally) suppresses lung hemorrhage in hamster (ID50 = 82 pg/kg) by intratracheal administration and increase of skin capillary permeability in guinea pig (ID50 = 9.6 mg/kg) by intravenous administration, both of which are induced by human neutrophil elastase. Sivelestat (10 mg/kg, infusion via the tail vein) ameliorates lung injury after hemorrhagic shock in rats. Sivelestat (15, 60 mg/kg, ip) prevents ischemia–reperfusion injury in the rat bladder.